Tortuous aorta - Jun 1, 2019 · Tortuosity of the descending thoracic aorta is increased in Type B dissection patients who develop enlarging thoracoabdominal aneurysms or ruptures . Tortuosity may reflect pathologic remodeling in response to progressive structural compromise of the vascular media due to genetic mutations, atherosclerosis or hemodynamic stress.

 
Anatomy of the thoracic aorta — The aorta is the major arterial conduit conveying blood from the heart to the systemic circulation. It originates immediately beyond the aortic valve and ascends initially, then curves, forming the aortic arch, and descends caudally adjacent to the spine.. Biltmore estate gift card

The management of thoracic aortic aneurysm is reviewed here. The etiology, natural history, clinical features, and diagnosis of TAA, as well as specific techniques for repair of the thoracic aorta, are discussed separately. (See "Epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, and natural history of thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection" and ...The biggest artery is the aorta, running from your chest to your abdomen. If fats, cholesterol, and other substances begin building up inside your arteries, that causes hard lesions, called plaque ...Aortic stenosis (AS) is narrowing of the aortic valve, obstructing blood flow from the left ventricle to the ascending aorta during systole. Causes include a congenital bicuspid valve, idiopathic degenerative sclerosis with calcification, and rheumatic fever. Untreated AS progresses to become symptomatic with one or more of the classic triad of ...The aortic valve is located between the bottom left chamber of your heart, the left ventricle, and the main artery that leads away from your heart, the aorta. The valve is made of three flaps of tissue, called leaflets, that …Nordic American Tankers News: This is the News-site for the company Nordic American Tankers on Markets Insider Indices Commodities Currencies StocksJun 3, 2023 · An extremely rare cause of cardiac arrest might be explained due to a complete aortic rupture. The diagnosis might be explicitly limited to post-Morton evaluations. [1] Approximately one-third of affected patients might have the chance to reach the hospital alive, from which up to half will ultimately survive. [2]TAortic rupture is typically the result of a blunt aortic injury in the context ... Anatomy of the thoracic aorta — The aorta is the major arterial conduit conveying blood from the heart to the systemic circulation. It originates immediately beyond the aortic valve and ascends initially, then curves, forming the aortic arch, and descends caudally adjacent to the spine.Aortic and aortic valve disorders manifesting as aortic valve sclerosis, stenosis, insufficiency, bicuspid aortic valve, aortitis, and aortic aneurysms occur in the setting of rheumatic diseases. There is a paucity of recent studies, which seek to unravel the underlying mechanisms for increased cardiovascular disease risk in rheumatologic ...The latest research on High Blood Pressure Conditions. Expert analysis on potential benefits, dosage, side effects, and more. High Blood Pressure falls under the Cardiovascular Hea...Chow Tai Fook Jewellery Group Limited Chow Tai Fook Jewellery Group Limited: Chow Tai Fook Jewellery Group Announces Chief Operating Of... Chow Tai Fook Jewellery Group Limit...As we gear up for warmer weather and summer festivities, many of us are considering building, upgrading, and redesigning outdoor living spaces. One of the Expert Advice On Improvin...Overview. The aorta is the body’s main artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body. The section of the aorta that starts with the aortic valve in the heart and goes to the diaphragm is called the thoracic aorta.The part of the aorta that extends from the diaphragm through the abdomen is called the abdominal aorta.. The aorta can become …Apr 17, 2023 · The aorta is the largest blood vessel in the body. Although your aorta is a tough, durable workhorse, sometimes its walls can weaken and bulge in what is called an aortic aneurysm.This could cause ... Aug 6, 2021 · Aortic dissections are divided into two groups, depending on which part of the aorta is affected: Type A. This more common and dangerous type involves a tear in the part of the aorta where it exits the heart. The tear may also occur in the upper aorta (ascending aorta), which may extend into the abdomen. Type B. Note that early modification of the aorta includes widening of the aorta, particularly the ascending segment accompanied by widening of the arch and finally marked tortuosity. Automated segmentation of aortic volume on isotropic 3-dimensional steady-state free precession magnetic resonance imaging ECG and respiratory-gated acquisitions.Apr 22, 2015 ... Signs and Symptoms of Aortic Aneurysm, Aortic Disease, Disorders of the Aorta ... Ultrasound:twisted abdominal aorta.(tortuous aorta). Dr. Marwan ...Acute aortic dissection is the prototype of acute aortic syndromes (AASs), which include intramural hematoma, limited intimal tear, penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer, traumatic or iatrogenic aortic dissection, and leaking or ruptured aortic aneurysm. The manifestation is usually sudden and catastrophic with acutely severe tearing chest or …The descending aorta is normally a straight conduit vessel, although some degree of aortic kinking or tortuosity is not uncommon, especially in the elderly population. 16 – 18 Aortic kinking or tortuosity is linked to the multifactorial effect of aging, hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis, or genetic defects. 19 A. Mycotic Aneurysms of the Aorta 167 B. Noninfectious Aortitis 168 IX. Postsurgical Imaging of the Aortic Root and Aorta 169 A. What the Imager Needs to Know 169 B. Common Aortic Surgical Techniques 169 1. Interposition Technique 169 2. Inclusion Technique 169 3. Composite Grafts 169 4. Aortic Arch Grafts 169 5. Elephant Trunk Procedure 169 6. I77.1 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM I77.1 became effective on October 1, 2023. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of I77.1 - other international versions of ICD-10 I77.1 may differ. Applicable To.Abdominal aortic diameter 3 cm typically constitutes an abdominal aortic aneurysm. The cause is multifactorial, but atherosclerosis is often involved. Most aneurysms grow slowly (~10%/year) without causing symptoms, and most are found incidentally. Risk of rupture is proportional to the size of the aneurysm. Diagnosis is made by …Atherosclerosis of the aorta is a progressive buildup of plaque in the largest artery in your body, called your aorta. This condition is also known as aortic atherosclerosis. Plaque is a sticky substance made of fat, cholesterol and other components. Plaque starts forming in your arteries during childhood, and it gradually builds up more as you ...When a weak area of your thoracic aorta expands or bulges, it is called a thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA). Approximately 25 percent of aortic aneurysms occur in the chest and the rest occur in the abdomen. Thoracic aneurysms affect approximately 15,000 people in the United States each year. TAAs are serious health risks because they can burst or ...The aorta is the main artery that carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the body. The thoracic aorta is the section of the aorta that is in the chest.Arterial tortuosity syndrome is a disorder that affects connective tissue. Connective tissue provides strength and flexibility to structures throughout the body, including blood vessels, skin, joints, and the gastrointestinal tract. As its name suggests, arterial tortuosity syndrome is characterized by blood vessel abnormalities, particularly ...Depending on your situation, your provider can do aortic surgery by: Splitting your breastbone ( open-heart surgery ). Opening your abdomen or opening your chest and abdomen together, splitting your ribs (open aortic surgery). Relining your artery with a stent graft by going through blood vessels in your groin (minimally invasive or ...Background Dysphagia aortica is an umbrella term to describe swallowing obstruction from external aortic compression secondary to a dilated, tortuous, or aneurysmal aorta. We performed a systematic literature review to clarify clinical features and outcomes of patients with dysphagia aortica. Materials and methods We searched …The aorta is the main artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body. The aorta comes out from the left ventricle of the heart and travels through the chest and abdomen. A thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is an abnormal bulge or "ballooning" in the wall of the aortic artery running through the thorax (chest). One in four aortic ...It can help determine whether the heart is enlarged, which can occur in aortic valve stenosis. It can also show swelling of the aorta and calcium buildup on the aortic valve. Exercise tests or stress tests. These tests often involve walking on a treadmill or riding a stationary bike while the heart is monitored.Aortic root surgery is a procedure to treat an enlarged section of the aorta, also known as an aortic aneurysm. The aorta is the large blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body. The aortic root is where the aorta and the heart connect. Aortic aneurysms near the aortic root may be due to an inherited condition called Marfan ...Overview. The aorta is the body’s main artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body. The section of the aorta that starts with the aortic valve in the heart and goes to the diaphragm is called the thoracic aorta. The part of the aorta that extends from the diaphragm through the abdomen is called the abdominal aorta.Tortuosity aorta: Usually has no symptoms specific to tortuosity. Content on HealthTap (including answers) should not be used for medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, and interactions on HealthTap do not create a doctor-patient relationship.Aortic rupture is the rupture or breakage of the aorta, the largest artery in the body. Aortic rupture is a rare, extremely dangerous condition. The most common cause is an abdominal aortic aneurysm that has ruptured spontaneously. Aortic rupture is distinct from aortic dissection, which is a tear through the inner wall of the aorta that can ...Nov 2, 2022 · The updated guidance replaces two older documents for identifying and treating disease in the aorta, the artery that carries blood away from the heart as it moves through the chest and abdomen. Arterial tortuosity syndrome can potentially cause severe life-threatening complications during infancy or early childhood, although individuals with milder symptoms have also been described. Arterial tortuosity syndrome is caused by variants in the SLC2A10 gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Introduction. A. Mycotic Aneurysms of the Aorta 167 B. Noninfectious Aortitis 168 IX. Postsurgical Imaging of the Aortic Root and Aorta 169 A. What the Imager Needs to Know 169 B. Common Aortic Surgical Techniques 169 1. Interposition Technique 169 2. Inclusion Technique 169 3. Composite Grafts 169 4. Aortic Arch Grafts 169 5. Elephant Trunk Procedure 169 6. An aortic aneurysm is an abnormal bulge in the aorta, your body’s largest blood vessel.The aorta stretches from the heart down to the tops of your legs. It feeds blood to a complex network of ...Do you have water stains on wood that you are trying vainly to get rid of? Lifehack.org has a quick tip on how to remove these: Do you have water stains on wood that you are trying...The aortic arch is the section of the aorta between the ascending and descending aorta. As it arises from the ascending aorta, the arch runs slightly backward and to the left of the trachea. The distal segment of the aortic arch then traverses downwards at the fourth thoracic vertebra. From this point on, it continues as the …The management of thoracic aortic aneurysm is reviewed here. The etiology, natural history, clinical features, and diagnosis of TAA, as well as specific techniques for repair of the thoracic aorta, are discussed separately. (See "Epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, and natural history of thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection" and ...The aorta is the largest artery in the body. It rises from the heart's left ventricle (the major chamber that pumps blood out of the heart) and is filled with oxygen-rich blood that travels throughout the body. When this artery becomes inflamed, the condition is known as aortitis. The most common causes of aortitis are GCA and another inflammatory disease …Abdominal aortic aneurysm is the most common place for an aneurysm. The abdominal part of the aorta runs through the stomach area. It carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the tissues and organs of the abdomen and lower limbs. Thoracic aortic aneurysm occurs in the chest portion of the aorta, above the diaphragm , and is less …Arterial tortuosity syndrome (ATS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by abnormal twists and turns of arteries, leading to cardiovascular complications. This syndrome, first reported around 55 years ago, is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner and affects both genders. ... and vascular tortuosity of the aorta and peripheral …The descending thoracic aorta (DTA) was analyzed and was divided into four zones of equal length. Subjects were divided into three groups based on their maximum tortuosity value: low (< 30°), moderate …Your ascending aorta leads up from your heart. Your descending aorta travels back down into your abdomen (belly). An aneurysm can develop in any artery. An aortic aneurysm develops when there’s a weakness in the wall of your aorta. The pressure of blood pumping through the artery causes a balloon-like bulge in the weak area of your aorta.As elastin fibres in the aorta deteriorate with age, the descending thoracic aorta (DTA) becomes longer and more tortuous. In patients with DTA aneurysms, this increased tortuosity may result in a hostile haemodynamic environment for thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). The objective of this study was to analyse how …Learn about the anatomy, complications, and symptoms of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA), a condition that can cause death or disability. Find out how to …What is tortuous aorta? A tortuous aorta may be characterized as a twisted, curved, enlarged or narrowed blood vessel of the heart. An underlying cause of the distorted shape may be due to a build up of fatty tissue that collects on the walls of the vessels or, it may be a finding from birth.Tortuous aortic arch. Q25.46 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM Q25.46 became effective on October 1, 2023. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of Q25.46 - other international versions of ICD-10 Q25.46 may differ.Overriding aorta. An overriding aorta is a congenital heart defect where the aorta is positioned directly over a ventricular septal defect (VSD), instead of over the left ventricle. [1] The result is that the aorta receives some blood from the right ventricle, causing mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, and thereby reducing the amount ...Global view of 3-D rendered image of aorta in thoracic and abdominal part with extremely tortuous course of the thoracic aorta. Uneven caliber of the pulmonary artery is observed (empty arrow). The other group of vessels affected in ATS is that of pulmonary arteries which tend to show areas of narrowing and dilatation.The aorta is the main artery responsible for transporting oxygenated blood out of the heart and to the rest of the body. It consists of the ascending aorta, the aortic arch, and descending aorta ...Profuse sweating. Shortness of breath, especially when lying flat. Additional symptoms that may accompany an aortic dissection include: Abdominal pain, which can arise if the dissection extends into the abdominal aorta. Stroke symptoms, which can develop when the dissection affects blood vessels leading to the brain.Arterial tortuosity syndrome is a disorder that affects connective tissue. Connective tissue provides strength and flexibility to structures throughout the body, including blood vessels, skin, joints, and the gastrointestinal tract. As its name suggests, arterial tortuosity syndrome is characterized by blood vessel abnormalities, particularly ...Arterial tortuosity syndrome (ATS) is characterized by widespread elongation and tortuosity of the aorta and mid-sized arteries as well as focal stenosis of segments of the pulmonary arteries and/or aorta combined with findings of a generalized connective tissue disorder.Morphometric measurements, including measurements of segmental length and tortuosity, were performed on three-dimensional models of the thoracic aorta. Results The length of the thoracic aorta was significantly related to age (r=0.54) and increased by 59 mm (males) or 66 mm (females) between the ages of 20 and 80 years.410-955-5000 Maryland. 855-695-4872 Outside of Maryland. +1-410-502-7683 International. Coarctation of the aorta is an abnormal narrowing of the aorta. The aorta is the large blood vessel that exits the heart. Transcatheter repair is a type of procedure that can treat the aorta without the need for open heart surgery.But some health problems can damage the walls of the aorta. This can cause a balloon-like bulge in the wall of the aorta called an aneurysm. In some cases, an aneurysm can start to split or even burst. This can often cause death. An aneurysm may also start to split along the inside of the aorta wall. This is known as aortic dissection.Aortic valve. The aortic valve is a valve in the heart of humans and most other animals, located between the left ventricle and the aorta. It is one of the four valves of the heart and one of the two semilunar valves, the other being the pulmonary valve. The aortic valve normally has three cusps or leaflets, although in 1–2% of the population ...An aortic aneurysm is a bulge in the wall of the aorta, the main artery that carries blood from the heart. Learn about the types, causes and complications of …TELIF: Get the latest Telescope Innovations stock price and detailed information including TELIF news, historical charts and realtime prices. Indices Commodities Currencies StocksIn some health conditions, the arteries in the heart may be twisted. The heart arteries are called the coronary arteries. Twisted arteries also are called tortuous arteries. There is a problem with information submitted for this request. Review/update the information highlighted below and resubmit ...Ascending aorta, just proximal to the origin of the brachiocephalic vessels. Major mechanisms involved in aortic trauma injuries are as follows: Rapid acceleration and deceleration. Significant deceleration occurs in head-on collisions or lateral impact. The greatest risk involves frontal or side impacts.Gross anatomy Origin. It is a continuation of descending thoracic aorta at T12 posterior to the median arcuate ligament and diaphragmatic crura.. Course. It descends caudally in the retroperitoneum, anterior, and slightly to the left of the lumbar vertebral bodies.The IVC lies to its right.. Between the celiac and superior mesenteric artery …Oct 4, 2023 · A chest X-ray can show if the heart or aorta is enlarged. It also can help determine the condition of the lungs. CT scan of the heart. Also called a cardiac CT, this test uses a series of X-rays to make a detailed image of the heart. You lie on a table inside a doughnut-shaped machine. A CT scan also can help confirm a tear in the aorta. Jul 7, 2022 · A tortuous aorta (meaning excessively twisted and turned) is often seen in older people. Although this is a sign of aging, it may not mean that it is causing or will cause any problems. However it can indicate an increased risk for other aortic diseases, such as aortic aneurysm. What is mild tortuosity thoracic aorta? The four equal zones of the descending thoracic aorta– 4A to 4D. Scatterplot by SPSS software of the maximum tortuosity in degrees. This scatterplot shows how to divide the normal tortuosity in degrees. Most patients have a maximum tortuosity < 30°, so the cut-off point between low and moderate tortuosity is 30°.A tortuous aorta is a twisting or distortion of the aorta that brings on the narrowing or constriction of that vessel, which can cause blood flow to be blocked. This condition, although not immediately life-threatening, can lead to high blood pressure, aortic insufficiency, or premature atherosclerosis.Overview. The aorta is the body’s main artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body. The section of the aorta that starts with the aortic valve in the heart and goes to the diaphragm is called the thoracic aorta. The part of the aorta that extends from the diaphragm through the abdomen is called the abdominal aorta.Abdominal aortic aneurysm is the most common place for an aneurysm. The abdominal part of the aorta runs through the stomach area. It carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the tissues and organs of the abdomen and lower limbs. Thoracic aortic aneurysm occurs in the chest portion of the aorta, above the diaphragm , and is less …Arterial tortuosity syndrome (ATS) is a rare, autosomal recessively inherited connective tissue disorder characterized by severe and widespread tortuosity of the aorta and of middle-sized arteries with an increased risk of aneurysm, dissection, or stenosis involving the aorta, the pulmonary arteries, or both.AMRC: Get the latest Ameresco stock price and detailed information including AMRC news, historical charts and realtime prices. Indices Commodities Currencies StocksFeb 7, 2020 · ANSWER: A thoracic aortic aneurysm occurs when one or more areas along the wall of the aorta — the body's largest blood vessel — becomes weak or damaged. The aorta carries oxygen-filled blood from the heart to the body, including the brain. With time, the pressure of blood flowing through the weakened area can cause it to enlarge or bulge ... Abdominal aortic aneurysm treatment options may include: Endovascular repair. This treatment is most often used to repair an abdominal aortic aneurysm. A surgeon inserts a thin, flexible tube, called a catheter, through an artery in the groin area and guides it to the aorta. A metal mesh tube on the end of the catheter is placed at the site of ...Aortic stenosis is a narrowing of the aortic valve opening, and can sometimes be referred to as a failing heart valve. Aortic stenosis restricts the blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta and may also affect the pressure in the left atrium. Although some people have aortic stenosis because of a congenital heart defect called a bicuspid ...Apr 23, 2019 · The descending thoracic aorta (DTA) was analyzed and was divided into four zones of equal length. Subjects were divided into three groups based on their maximum tortuosity value: low (< 30°), moderate (30° - 60°) and high (> 60°). A linear regression model was built to test the effect of age and gender on tortuosity. Say a guy mistakes "the Pill" for a breath mint. Is he going to have any lasting side effects if he takes one? What about if he took it regularly? Advertisement The question here m...An ascending aortic aneurysm is a bulging area in the first part of the aorta, the main artery in your body. An aneurysm is a weak spot in a blood vessel wall. Aneurysms can tear or rupture (break open) and cause severe, life-threatening internal bleeding. These aneurysms are also called ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms (ATAAs) since they ...Nordic American Tankers News: This is the News-site for the company Nordic American Tankers on Markets Insider Indices Commodities Currencies StocksJul 28, 2020 ... ... aortic valve. Computed tomography revealed a tortuous and shaggy descending aorta with a saccular aneurysm in the aortic arch. Simultaneous ...410-955-5000 Maryland. 855-695-4872 Outside of Maryland. +1-410-502-7683 International. Coarctation of the aorta is an abnormal narrowing of the aorta. The aorta is the large blood vessel that exits the heart. Transcatheter repair is a type of procedure that can treat the aorta without the need for open heart surgery.An aortic aneurysm is an abnormal bulge in the aorta, your body’s largest blood vessel.The aorta stretches from the heart down to the tops of your legs. It feeds blood to a complex network of ...Overview. Your aorta is the main vessel that takes oxygen-rich blood from your heart to the rest of your body. What is the aorta? The aorta is a cane-shaped …

The aorta is a large blood vessel that branches off from the heart and pumps oxygen-rich blood back into the body. The aorta carries blood away from the left ventricle and circulat.... Lucky pizza stoughton ma

tortuous aorta

Aortic valve calcification is a condition in which calcium deposits form on the aortic valve. These deposits can cause the valve opening to become narrow. Severe … Tortuous aorta. Description, Causes and Risk Factors: The aorta is the main artery of the body that exits the heart and delivers blood to every organ of our body. A tortuous aorta is a twisting or distortion of the aorta that brings on the narrowing or constriction of that vessel, which can cause blood flow to be blocked. Let’s look at the three most important milestones along the road to predictive analysis in the retail media context. As the retail sector grows increasingly reliant and focused on ...Sep 15, 2018 ... Vascular and endovascular surgeon Dr. Rainan Gloria enumerates the medical tests to detect abdominal aortic aneurysm, and expounds on the ...Very easy. Easy. Moderate. Difficult. Very difficult. Pronunciation of Tortuous Aorta with 1 audio pronunciations. 0 rating. Record the pronunciation of this word in your own voice and play it to listen to how you have pronounced it. …Atherosclerosis of the aorta is the gradual buildup of plaque in your aorta. It’s a common condition that happens silently over many years. You may not have symptoms until the disease leads to a medical emergency.Apr 24, 2023 · Thoracic aortic aneurysms often go unnoticed because people rarely feel symptoms. Possible warning signs include: Pain in your jaw, neck, chest or upper back. Trouble swallowing or pain with swallowing (if the aneurysm presses on your esophagus ). Hoarseness (if the aneurysm presses on nerves that affect your voice box ). The biggest artery is the aorta, running from your chest to your abdomen. If fats, cholesterol, and other substances begin building up inside your arteries, that causes hard lesions, called plaque ...Anatomy of the thoracic aorta — The aorta is the major arterial conduit conveying blood from the heart to the systemic circulation. It originates immediately beyond the aortic valve and ascends initially, then curves, forming the aortic arch, and descends caudally adjacent to the spine.There are lots of arteries that are subjected to a build-up of plaque throughout the human lifetime. Atherosclerosis of the aorta affects the large artery in the abdomen called the...Tortuous aortic arch. Q25.46 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. The 2024 edition of ICD-10-CM Q25.46 became effective on October 1, 2023. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of Q25.46 - other international versions of ICD-10 Q25.46 may differ.TELIF: Get the latest Telescope Innovations stock price and detailed information including TELIF news, historical charts and realtime prices. Indices Commodities Currencies StocksJul 28, 2020 ... ... aortic valve. Computed tomography revealed a tortuous and shaggy descending aorta with a saccular aneurysm in the aortic arch. Simultaneous ...Figure 2. The Technique to Address Extreme Aortic Tortuosity During TAVR (A) The guidewire and catheter via the aortic arch to left ventricle.(B) Catheter and long sheath throughout the course of the descending aorta and via the aortic arch to the ascending aorta.(C) SeQure snare and Cook guidewires help the prosthetic valve system via the …The right subclavian artery in most variants (aberrant right subclavian, right arch left heart) joins the aorta distal to other great vessels and at an unfavorable curve. However, as mentioned above, tortuous “candy cane” arches can sometimes be easier to deal with via radial approach.What is atherosclerosis of the aorta? Having atherosclerosis (say "ath-uh-roh-skluh-ROH-sis") of the aorta means that a material called plaque (fat and calcium) has built up in the inside wall of a large blood vessel called the aorta. This plaque buildup is sometimes called "hardening of the arteries." The aorta is the main artery that sends ....

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